This keyword controls calculation of dispersion interaction energies, using simple and transferable atom-atom potentials. It specifies the set of atomic parameters required for calculation of atom-atom dispersion interaction energies (ADP's). Available sets are reported in the following table:
Dispersion Atomic Parameters (the default choice is highlighted) | |||
Combination rule | Option | Meaning | Availability |
geometric-mean C6,αβ = C6,α ⋅ C6,β |
1 | Spackman Atomic Parameters (SAP's). [1"Atom-atom potentials via electron gas theory" Mark A. Spackman J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 85, 6579-6586.] |
p-block elements |
2 | Spackman Atomic Parameters (SAP's), [1"Atom-atom potentials via electron gas theory" Mark A. Spackman J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 85, 6579-6586.] scaled by factor 0.716. |
p-block elements | |
3 | Grimme Atomic Parameters (GAP's). [2"Semiempirical GGA-Type Density Functional
Constructed with a Long-Range Dispersion Correction" S. Grimme J. Comput. Chem. 2006, 27, 1787-1799.] |
from Z = 1 to Z = 94 | |
4-5 | Least-squares refined atomic coefficients, C6. | H, C, N, O, S | |
London [3F. London Z. Phys.
Chem. (Leipzig) B 1930, 11, 222.] C6,αβ = 3 2 αα αβ Iα Iβ Iα + Iβ |
6 | Least-squares refined atomic polarizabilities, α. | |
Wu-Yang-Slater-Kirkwood [4"The van der Waals forces in gases" J. C. Slater, J. G. Kirkwood Phys. Rev. 1931, 37, 682-697., 5"Empirical correction to density functional theory for van der Waals interactions" Q. Wu, W. Yang J. Chem. Phys. 2002, 116, 515-524.] C6,αβ = 2 (C6,α C6,β)⅔ (Neff,α Neff,β)⅓ (C6,α Neff,β)⅔ + (C6,β Neff,α)⅔ |
7 | Least-squares refined atomic coefficients,
C6, with atomic effective numbers of electrons,
Neff, from Halgren's compilation. [6"Representation of van der Waals (vdW) interactions
inmolecular mechanics force fields: potential form, combination rules,
and vdW parameters" T. A. Halgren J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 7827-7843.] |
H, C, N, O, S |
8 | Least-squares refined atomic coefficients, C6, using the number of valence electrons for the atomic effective numbers of electrons, Neff = Nv. | H, C, N, O, S | |
Slater-Kirkwood [4"The van der Waals forces in gases" J. C. Slater, J. G. Kirkwood Phys. Rev. 1931, 37, 682-697.] C6,αβ = 3 2 αα αβ αα Neff,α + αβ Neff,β |
9 | Least-squares refined atomic polarizabilities,
α, with atomic effective numbers of electrons,
Neff, from Halgren's compilation [6"Representation of van der Waals (vdW) interactions
inmolecular mechanics force fields: potential form, combination rules,
and vdW parameters" T. A. Halgren J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 7827-7843.] |
H, C, N, O, S |
10 | Least-squares refined atomic polarizabilities, α, using the number of valence electrons for the atomic effective numbers of electrons, Neff = Nv | H, C, N, O, S |
The fitting set of least-square refined ADP's comprises
87 intermolecular C6 coefficients: 77 from experimental
DOSD's [8Sources of experimental DOSD's used
in the fitting set for least-squares refinement of atomic dispersion
parameters, C6.] and 10 from ab-initio
CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVDZ and time-dependent Hartree-Fock response theory
calculations of nucleic acid base pairs. [7"Ab
initio calculations of dispersion coefficients for nucleic acid base
pairs"
T.P. Haley, E.R. Graybill, S.M. Cybulski J. Chem.
Phys. 2006, 124, 204301-204307.]